What is SPF and DKIM ?

SPF ( Sender Policy Framework ) is an email authentication protocol which is used for preventing email spoofing .

SPF specify which mail server are permitted to send emails on behalf of their Domain. Receiver Mail server are checking that Mail are receiving is that authenticated Mail Server or Not.

How SPF Works ?

The Owner of the Domain set the SPF Record in the Domain’s DNS Record. SPF is special type of record in which list the IP address of the Mail Servers authorized to send email. 

v=spf1 ip4:192.168.0.1 include:_spf.google.com

SPF Record looks like the above line.

V=spf1 : It Indicates the version of the SPF Record.

ip4:192.168.0.1 : It indicates the IP Address of the Authorized Mail Server.

include:_spf.google.com : If you use third party services like Gmail, this indicates the GMAIL’s SPF Record. It’s Mean Gmail’s server are authorized to send email.

Email Verification Process :

Whenever Sender sends the email from email address ( info@arpan.tech ) , that time receiver’s email address performing some steps

  1. checking From email address.
  2. DNS query for SPF Record : Receiver mail server queries the SPF Record of the mail address ( info@arpan.tech ) and check which mail server are authorized to send email.
  3. IP Address Comparison : Receiver mail server are checking that IP Address of the SPF Record and IP Address of the sending mail server.
  4. Decision :
    • PASS : If the SPF Record of the IP Address and sending mail server of the IP Address are the same , the email considered valid or pass .
    • FAIL : If the SPF Record of the IP Address and sending mail server of the IP Address are not same , the email considered as a Spam or Fail.
  5. Actions :
    • Pass : If the email is accepted as a authorized email.
    • Fail : If the email rejected and display as a spam mail.

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